A Photo Tour of Common Trees in Central Park South

A Child Is A Parent s Most Prized Possession - 1619 Words

A child is a parent’s most prized possession. Imagine your young baby contracting the measles virus, imagine the fear it would cause you and the possible deviations that can come from the disease. In serious cases: lifelong brain damage, deafness, and even death can occur. The average child grows up being nurtured and protected from everything the parent can protect them from. Parents want nothing but the best for their children and they would do everything they could to keep them healthy and safe. But now there’s controversy arising over vaccinations that are required for your child. There are several concerns parents are facing over childhood immunizations and whether it should be mandatory for a child to have to receive all of them. With that, it’s causing more and more parents to be skeptical over vaccinations which is leading them to refuse or delay vaccinations for their child. This may be causing more risks for a child and for society as a whole. What†™s being injected into your child’s body, how to know when it’s too much, whether or not there should be a limit, and whether it should be mandatory in the first place are what people are talking about when debating vaccinations. There’s a timeline that comes with vaccinations, providing a breakdown of when and what vaccinations are needed. The goal of the immunization timeline is to help give protection to children before they are at the point in their life of being exposed to the infection itself. Many parents areShow MoreRelatedA Dolls House Essay790 Words   |  4 Pagesof debate for many readers; was Nora Helmer justified in leaving her husband and kids or not? It is argued that both parents are needed for a child to succeed in life and that separation is an act of cowardness. However, several readers also debate that Nora was justified in leaving Torvald and her kids. The mistreatment Nora constantly faced through offensive nicknames, her child-like mentality that made her unfit to take care of her children and her identity as a doll demonstrate her need to leaveRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher1194 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Growing up, I was the daughter and granddaughter of excellent teachers. I always saw how dedicated my mother and grandmother were to their profession. I saw first-hand the late night grading, the parent-teacher conferences, and all the joys and burdens of being a teacher. So, without a doubt I knew I wanted to experience the same joy of being a teacher and being able to inspire students to learn, just like my mother and grandmother. I learned early on that teaching was not a regularRead MorePersonal And Social Identity Of A Person Who Has Alzheimer s The Place Of Residence1345 Words   |  6 Pageshas Alzheimer s, the place of residence is an important influence on their identity. 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As for books like Diane von Furstenberg s The Woman I Wanted to Be, Kaffe Fasset s Dreaming in Color: An Autobiography, and Grace Coddington s Grace: A Memoir being in competition? Nothing could be farther from theRead MoreI Love Yous Are For White People1714 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferences in culture in terms of ethnicity, trauma, gender roles, and sense of belonging. However, despite the challenges that they faced, it only brought them closer to finding their sense of self and belonging within the new land. During the 1970’s, the Viet Cong, a communist-led party that was under the control of North Vietnam, was taking over South Vietnam. Due to people’s fear of living under the communist party, many people felt it was unsafe to continue to live there. It caused a large numberRead MoreA Way Out: Suicide Essay1703 Words   |  7 Pagesage of 10 to 65, have been committing suicide since the mid 1900’s. 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As we analyze Vladek, we can see that the Holocaust has an emotionally crippling experienceRead MoreA Dolls House by Henrik Isben1646 Words   |  7 PagesIn the 1900’s women were not granted with similar privileges as men. Economic suppression, limited education, and lack of civil rights were the primary issues for women. In the play A Doll’s House, Henrik Isben creates the realization of female oppression through the creation of the character, Nora. Nora is a woman, whose whole life is ruled by either her father or husband. Nora Helmer, tries hard to perform the roles expected of a woman, which, however, has led to her sacrifice of individual ideals

Cultural Intelligence and Capability

Question: Discuss about the Cultural Intelligence and Capability. Answer: Introduction: Culture has been regarded as the system of shared idea; standards, mores that the members of community hold (Earley Mosakowski, 2004). But it has been clearly stated that the cultural intelligence requires being aware of ones own culture as well as the cultural differences in the manner that others behave and think. Also, the individuals should be self aware about their culture as after that only they could tell other people or help them. Therefore, a reflective essay have been mentioned below which states that what were the two concepts and how the cultural self-awareness helps individuals to be more culturally intelligent. Thesis Statement for this essay could be, whether a cultural self- awareness was significant to develop cultural intelligence or not?. Cultural self awareness on one hand has been described as a significant factor which helps in assisting special facets of cultural studies and to carry out various kind of trade acts (Roysircar, 2004). It has its significance due to some issues that were measured significant as it assists people to discover, appreciate, recognize and assess their educational and communal background of race, sex, etc. Cultural intelligence (CQ) has been described as an ability to narrate and work efficiently in ethnically varied circumstances. Going ahead of obtainable notions of educational sympathy and consciousness, it was significant to recognize the chronic abilities of people who could productively and deferentially achieve their aims (Cultural Intelligence Center, 2016). Awareness has been regarded as the first step, but was not enough (Forbes, 2015). An ethnically intelligent person was not only conscious but could also efficiently work, narrate with individuals and projects across dissimilar cultural circumstances. Although it has been seen that the worldwide corporations which fit into place in cross-cultural trade relationships, lead multicultural players, build up intercultural abilities, endeavor to increase educational consciousness and look for edifying aptitude (Griffer Perlis, 2007). The quote mentioned above was given by an eminent scientist on how self-awareness affects human performance which was a good fundamental disagreement for the assumption of the writer that cultural self-awareness has been a basis for cultural competence, and thus should always come first. Being more culturally self-aware was not a simple task, as significant base fundamental cultural aspects were insensible to people. Nevertheless, becoming responsive states that certain fundamental cultural suppositions drive the view of a person. It became more conscientious to their opinions which may assist to realize the effect that culture has a effect on the behavior of an individual (Livermore, 2009). Also, it has been defined and stated by different researchers like Spencer- Oatey 2012 that Culture has been a downy set of elementary suppositions and standards, orientations to life, attitudes, and behavioural meetings that were used by a group of individuals, and that sway the behavior of each member and his/her understanding of the meaning of other individuals behavior (Spencer-Oatey, 2012) (Earley Ang, 2003). Taipale 2012 on the other hand strains the importance of people extending their awareness of a number of cultural groups in a world where individuals travel from place to place for work. Quappe and Cantatore (2005) defines Cultural Awareness as the basis of communication and it includes the skill of footing back from ones ownself and fetching conscious of our educational values, ideas (Quappe Cantatore, 2016). Adler also concludes that the more culturally self-aware people would be, the more able they would be to forecast the impact of their behavior would have on others (Adler Gundersen, 2008). While people generally agree with the view of David, so, it would emphasize the significance of this self-awareness, as it was contemplated that it was more than an crucial section of cultural intelligence a primary step in mounting a persons own educational capability. Also, by taking inference from my personal experience I have found out that for instance I've developed up in an island in Greece where most of the Syrian refugees pass from my island to go somewhere else in Europe. Another, example was that in spite winter weather, many of the refugees from Syria were making the dangerous trip from Turkey in flimsy boats every day. From this it could be concluded that there was an anticipation of what could be the situation then also a risky trio was made which states that there was no self awareness about the place and as a result the people would be concluded to be not culturally intelligent. So, they should have anticipated the culture and weather before planning the trip (Maclachlan, 2011). In regard to family it could be stated that: Experience: I have my father, mother, my siblings and me in my family where my parents know what we want and desire for. Me and my family spent our precious time by g=having food together in restaurants, clubbing, travelling and trying new activities. Knowledge: My family lives in Greece and I live in Australia. And as we live separately in different regions, so from my personal experience I could say that family is the obly precious jewel which every have. They were the people who would be there with you no matter whatever would be the situation and would never judge you as other people do. So we should be with them and I thank god that I have a family because those who dont have lack everything in life. So as per my opinion people should value them. Behavior: Being a middle sibling from my three siblings, I have realized that if one of them is bossy and other one is irritating. I have inculcated a personality to be patient, responsible and obtain a cultivated personality as I have to handle and listen to both. In regard to the Hobbies it could be stated that: Experience: I like reading, travelling, learning new languages, etc. Knowledge: Regarding the outdoor activities, Ive sharpened my planning and survival skills! Behavior: Sports build your character! In some sports Ive learned how to be a team player and simultaneously in other sports Ive learned to be more individualistic and competitive. For the reason of Travel it could be affirmed that: Experience: Some of my trips were in north Greece and islands, Australia and Turkey. Knowledge: It helped me in trying different foods, travelling places and knowing about them. Behavior: I understood and respect the places I travelled, such as local people. For Language it could be affirmed that: Experience: Im a Greek native speaker but I also know other languages like English. Knowledge: Through the languages I have been taught, I established within my self a habit to know and learn more languages of different cultures. Behavior: As a result of knowing different languages I have experienced a positive thing that whenever I go to some other place I dont have to make attempts to understand their language. Rather I became more confident by way of which I tried and conveyed my ideas to different people. So, it could be concluded that self awareness of a culture of a persons own state or country has to be there on which the cultural intelligence could be inculcated. As if a person would be culturally capable and have knowledge of ones own state than only he could inculcate a zeal of knowing other countries languages and cultures. Therefore, to be a intelligent individual culturally an individual should be self aware about what he has and was there in his country so that he could tell that to other people as they tell about their country. The Thesis statement could be restated as, yes, a cultural self- awareness was significant to develop cultural intelligence of an individual. References Adler, N. J., Gundersen, A. (2008). International Dimensions of Organizational Behavior: 5th ed. Florence: Thomson South-Western. Cultural Intelligence Center. (2016). Cultural Intelligence: What It Is and Why You Need It!. Retrieved on 30th December 2016 from: https://culturalq.com/what-is-cq/ Earley, P. C, Ang, S. (2003). Cultural intelligence: An analysis of individual interactions across cultures. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press. Earley, P.C., Mosakowski, E. (2004). Cultural Intelligence. Harvard Business Review, 10. Forbes. (2015). Why You Need Cultural Intelligence (And How To Develop It). Retrieved on 30th December 2016 from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/iese/2015/03/24/why-you-need-cultural-intelligence-and-how-to-develop-it/#1f20d0933670 Griffer, M.R. Perlis, M.P. (2007). Developing cultural intelligence in pre-service speech-language pathologists and educators. Communication Disorders jhQuarterly, 29(1), 28-35. Livermore, D. A. (2009). Cultural intelligence: Improving your CQ to engage our multicultural world. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Academic. Maclachlan, M. (2011). Cultural Intelligence: A Necessity For Working Effectively Across Cultures. Retrieved on 30th December 2016 from: https://www.communicaid.com/cross-cultural-training/blog/cultural-intelligence-a-necessity-for-working-effectively-across-cultures/ Quappe, S., Cantatore, G. (2016). What is Cultural Awareness, anyway? How do I build it?. Retrieved on 30th December 2016 from: https://www.culturosity.com/pdfs/What%20is%20Cultural%20Awareness.pdf Roysircar, G (2004). Cultural Self-Awareness Assessment: Practice Examples From Psychology Training. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice 35 (6) pp. 666. Spencer-Oatey, H. (2012). What is culture? A compilation of quotations. GlobalPAD Core Concepts. Retrieved on 30th December 2016 from: https://go.warwick.ac.uk/globalpadintercultural

Labelling Theory Essays - Criminology, Labeling Theory,

Labelling Theory Deviance, like beauty, is in the eyes of the beholder. There is nothing inherently deviant in any human act, something is deviant only because some people have been successful in labelling it so. J. L Simmons The definition of the situation implies that if you define a situation as real, it is real only in its consequences. INTRODUCTION Labelling theory, stemming from the influences of Cooley, Mead, Tannenbaum, and Lemert, has its origins somewhere within the context of the twentieth century. However, Edwin Lemert is widely considered the producer and founder of the original version of labelling theory. This paper, not a summary, provides a brief history of labelling theory, as well as, its role in the sociology of deviance. It attempts to explore the contributions made by labelling theorists, the criticism towards labelling theorists, and the discussion surrounding its reality as an actual theory. In essence, the main focus of this paper besides proving an understanding of Howard Becker, is to describe and evaluate `labelling theory` to the study of crime and deviance, by way of an in depth discussion. THEORETICAL IMAGES The theoretical study of societal reaction to deviance has been carried out under different names, such as, labelling theory, interactionist perspective, and the social constructionist perspective. In the sociology of deviance, the labelling theory of deviant behaviour is often used interchangeably with the societal reaction theory of deviancy. As a matter of fact, both phrases point equally to the fact that sociological explanations of deviance function as a product of social control rather than a product of psychology or genetic inheritance. Some sociologists would explain deviance by accepting without question definitions of deviance and concerning themselves with primary aetiology. However, labelling theorists stress the point of seeing deviance from the viewpoint of the deviant individual. They claim that when a person becomes known as a deviant, and is ascribed deviant behaviour patterns, it is as much, if not more, to do with the way they have been stigmatized, then the devian t act they are said to have committed. In addition, Howard S. Becker (1963), one of the earlier interaction theorists, claimed that, social groups create deviance by making the rules whose infraction constitute deviance, and by applying those rules to particular people and labelling them as outsiders. Furthermore, the labelling theoretical approach to deviance concentrates on the social reaction to deviance committed by individuals, as well as, the interaction processes leading up to the labelling. INFLUENCES Labelling theory was significantly influenced by the Chicago School and Symbolic Interactionism. The sociology department in the University of Chicago is where early labelling theorists received their graduate training. These theorists were trained in terms of symbolic interaction and specific methods of participatory field research. The symbolic interaction theory exposed early theorists to the study of social interaction, as well as, the interpretation of society from the actor's point of view. Everett Hughes and Alvin Gouldner were two of the earliest theorists to train at the Chicago School. However, the foundations of this view of deviance were said to have been first established by Edwin Lemert (1951) and were subsequently developed by Howard S. Becker (1963). As a matter of fact, labelling theory has subsequently become a dominant paradigm in the explanation of deviance. Furthermore, the symbolic interaction perspective was extremely active in the early foundations of labellin g theory. Labelling theory is constituted essentially by two propositions. The first is that deviant behaviour is to be seen not simply as the violation of a norm, but as any behaviour which is successfully defined or labelled as deviant. The deviance does not inhere in the act itself but in the response of others to that act. In other words, the deviance is said to be in the eye of the beholder. The second proposition claims that labelling produces or amplifies deviance. The deviant's response to societal reaction leads to secondary deviation by which the deviant comes to accept a self-image or self-definition as someone who is permanently locked within a deviant role. Furthermore, the distinctiveness of the approach is that it draws attention to deviance as the outcome of social imputations and the exercise of social control. Labelling theory is very complex, making it quite different than other theories. Instead of looking

Critical Analysis of the Liver functions and medical science The WritePass Journal

Critical Analysis of the Liver functions and medical science Introduction Critical Analysis of the Liver functions and medical science IntroductionReferences:Related Introduction The liver, with over 500 functions, is one the most significant and versatile organ of the human body. It weighs around 1.5kg and it is divided into four lobes; left, right, quadrate and caudate. It is wrapped in a fibrous capsule which is covered by the visceral peritoneum. 30% of the bloody supply of the heart reaches the liver at a region called the Hilus every minute, of which two thirds is through the portal vein and a third through the hepatic artery, it then leaves the liver through the hepatic vein. Blood pressure is low, usually at 10mm Hg or less. The cells of the liver are known as Hepatocytes. Hepatocytes serve many roles in the functions of the liver of which include:   Metabolic regulation; it plays a key role in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins, Haematological regulation; it is the primary organ that regulates the composition of blood, and Bile synthesis. [2] During carbohydrate metabolism, most of the glucose that is derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates is stored as glycogen in the liver cells (Glycogenesis) until it is needed, which is when the liver will convert the glycogen back into glucose to be used for respiration (Glycogenolysis). Examples of such situations are when there is a short supply of glucose in the body during the times between meals or when fasting. When the body is starved from carbohydrates, the liver can produce glucose by a process called Gluconeogenesis by converting amino acids from dietary and body proteins, lactate or glycerol into glucose. This prevents the individual from having hypoglycaemia (low blood glucose levels), so by this it can also be said that the liver has an integral part of maintaining blood glucose levels. The liver serves a major role in fat metabolism by producing the lipoproteins that are needed to transport fat, cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood throughout the body. Protein metabolism takes place in the liver as it goes through amino acid conversion, most of the amino acids are synthesised into proteins that are needed for the body, especially albumin which is the main plasma protein. Amino acid metabolism however produces a waste product, Urea, which is transported to the kidneys via blood and excreted through urine. Haematological regulation is the way in which the liver processes the blood by regulating the amount of chemicals it holds and breaking down the nutrients within it so it is easy to use. It also detoxifies toxic substances such as drugs or alcohol that come via blood and breaks it down before being released back into the blood into amounts that can be handled by the body. In addition to its metabolic functions, it is also responsible for the production of bile. Bile is a yellow alkaline fluid that is produced by the hepatocytes made up of mainly water (85%) and bile salts (10%).   Bile salts acts as a fat emulsifier so it is needed for the normal digestion and absorption of ingested fats. Bile also serves as a route in which substances such as drugs and wastes produced from metabolism that aren’t removed by the kidneys, such as bilirubin, is removed from the body through the faeces. Hepatocytes secrete bile into tubes known as Bile Canaliculi, which jointo form Bile Ductules. Bile ductules then transport bile to the nearest portal area. The right and left hepatic ducts collects the bile from the ductules at the portal areas and merge to form the Common Hepatic Duct.   This leaves the liver to go to the gall bladder through the Cystic Duct which joins onto the Common Bile Duct which transports bile to the duodenum through the Duodenal Ampull a and then goes into the small intestine ready to act upon the absorption of fats. [2] These are only a few functions of the liver, all of which if do not function properly can lead to many liver diseases.   Diseases can generally be classified into two types; Hepatocellular, which results in damage to the hepatocytes and Cholestatic which restricts bile flow due to blockage in ducts. Most patients suffering from a liver disease develop jaundice resulting from high levels of the bilirubin in the blood stream (hyperbilirubinemia).   Jaundice makes whites of the eyes yellow and then gradually the skin start becoming yellow. Bilirubin is produced from dead red blood cells; at the end of their life span, the haemoglobin found within them is released and split into haem and globin. Iron from haem is recycled for the production of more haemoglobin and any remains of the haem molecule are converted to bilirubin. It is excreted in the faeces and some in the urine. It is elevated in most liver diseases as they cause some sort of damage to hepatocytes which means bilirubin cannot conjugate with glucuronic acid in order to be excreted, so it stays in the bloodstream where its levels continuously increase. One of the common diseases to occur in the liver is Hepatitis. It results in inflammation of the liver cells. Viral Hepatitis can be caused by Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E, yellow fever or Herpes Simplex. Patients usually start off small with flu like symptoms. Non viral hepatitis can be due to auto immune reasons, drugs, toxins found in mushrooms and alcohol. [3] ‘As alcohol consumption is very high in the western world, alcohol hepatitis is a common problem. Symptoms include enlargement of the liver, development of fluid in the abdomen (ascites), increased blood pressure in the portal vein and later development of jaundice. If alcoholic hepatitis is diagnosed it is important to stop consuming alcohol at once otherwise it could lead to more serious damage such as cirrhosis or even liver failure.’ [2] Cirrhosis is an irreversible liver disease. Patients with cirrhosis develop ascites, jaundice and the formation of fibrous tissue where liver cells should be, the liver cells are destroyed in response to toxic chemicals, a viral hepatitis, or most commonly, high alcohol consumption. These are examples of Hepatocellular liver diseases. An example of a Cholestatic liver disease would be Cholestasis.   Cholestasis is a state when there is a blockage in the bile ducts so bile cannot be released. Again, jaundice develops when a patient suffers from cholestasis as bilirubin is also unable to reach the small intestine to be excreted. Other symptoms include pale faeces and dark urine. There are a number of tests available that determines liver diseases. These include bilirubin, ALP, ALT and the GGT tests. A slightly abnormal bilirubin concentration indicates it may be haemolytic anaemia (abnormal rate of red blood cell destruction). A higher concentration is due to diseases which have damaged the hepatocytes therefore bilirubin cannot conjugate or be excreted properly. These diseases are acute hepatitis and alcoholic hepatitis. A very high concentration indicates cholestasis as it means bile flow is completely blocked (most commonly by gallstones) and so bilirubin cannot be excreted. Bilirubin can be measured by taking a blood test; conjugated, unconjugated or total bilirubin. Conjugated bilirubin is bound to glucuronic acid and so is called direct bilirubin. Unconjugated bilirubin is measured by subtracting the direct bilirubin from the total bilirubin, so is called indirect bilirubin. Total Bilirubin is the term used when both are measured. GGT, ALP and ALT are all enzymes that are present in the liver cells. Hepatocyte death (necrosis) leads to large amounts of these enzymes to be released into the blood stream which if measured will serve as an indicator of liver disease. These enzymes can be measured by taking around 5 ml of venous blood. Abnormal ALT (alanine transferase) results are found in diseases that have come about as a result of necrosis. In acute hepatitis, ALT rises before jaundice develops and then usually goes back to normal within 8 weeks. A continuous raised level of ALT means that it chronic liver disease such as chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis. High GGT (gamma glutamyl transferase) levels are found in all liver and biliary tract diseases. GGT doesn’t determine an actual disease but it is used to predict who may be at risk of liver disease due to alcohol as it is the only enzyme that is produced due to alcohol, so high continuous levels would mean alcoholic hepatitis or cirrhosis. Moderately results of ALP (alkaline phosphatise) indicate acute hepatitis but extremely high results show cholestasis may have developed. However, ALP is also present in the cells of the bone, so only measuring it by itself would not be an accurate indication of liver disease. It is usually measured alongside GGT; if both levels are high then it confirms that the problem is definitely within the liver. These are a few diseases and tests that are commonly used today to identify one of the biggest causes of death in the UK today. References: [1] Martini, F., H., 2004, Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology, 6th edition, San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings, ISBN: 0-13-120346-0. [2] Higgins, C., 2000, Understanding Laboratory Investigations, Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd, ISBN: 0-632-04245-1 [3] Mayo Clinic Staff, 2010, Alcoholic Hepatitis, Mayo Clinic, DS00785

Strategies for Motivating English Foreign Language Learners

Strategies for Motivating English Foreign Language Learners Motivational models for English Foreign Language (EFL) improve student motivation. Research has shown that motivation provides the basic impulsion to begin foreign language learning and subsequently the stimulus to keep up the often mind-numbing learning processes. Sound hypothetical consideration supports contemporary motivational strategies. However, no empirical evidence backs up the strategies causing the need for further research.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Strategies for Motivating English Foreign Language Learners specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Research has revealed the significance of the learning environment in shaping the motivational aspects of learners. The systematic motivation strategy by Dornyei provides a parsimonious system of four dimensions. The first dimension is creating basic motivational conditions. This involves establishing a positive teacher-student relationship, supportive classroom condition, and creating a cohesive learn group. The next dimension is generating initial motivation. The strategy provides that teachers have a role to use appropriate strategies to enhance the learners’ anticipation for success and adopt a positive mindset regarding the language. The other technique is maintaining and protecting motivation through simulations and engaging in enjoyable tasks. This technique aims at promoting learner autonomy and positive culture. The teacher should also encourage students to undertake positive retrospective self-evaluation. The Macro-strategy is effective for teaching English Foreign Learners because it has the four dimensions. It gives priority to appropriate teacher behavior. Both the Taiwan and Hungarian survey provide that presenting a personal role model is an extremely influential device for motivating students. Teachers need to understand their responsibility as leaders in all learner teams. The research confirms the signifi cance of the teachers’ projection of enthusiasm in the subject matter to have a strong influence on the motivational disposition of the learners. Another provision of the macro-strategy is the essentiality of recognizing the efforts of learners and celebrating any of their success. The strategy provides that successful EFL teachers recognize the efforts of their students. This concept concurs with the Confucian ideology that recognition of efforts is an effective motivational tool. Educational psychology researchers have accepted macro-strategy because it provides mechanisms for promoting self-confidence of learners. The manner in which learners perceive their ability determines the efforts they will be willing to devote to accomplish a task. Notably, self-confidence leads to self-efficacy.Advertising Looking for critical writing on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another outstanding requirement of the macro-strategy is that teachers must create a pleasant and relaxed learning environment. Learning a second language is certainly one of the most difficult experiences students come across during their erudition. A tense classroom is a powerful negative element that hinders students from achieving their objectives. The strategy reinforces it is the responsibility of the teacher to create a safe learning environment, where participants shy away from social comparison but promote risk-taking. Next, the strategy advocates for presenting tasks properly. The mode of presentation of information apparently bears a strong impact on how the students learn. It is imperative that teachers put in mind why learners should do particular exercises and watchfully put across what the lesson intends the students to learn. Instructional clarify is, therefore, an indispensable motivational medium. The strategy also requires teachers to increase the goal-orientation of learners. English Foreign Learn ers researchers have adopted a more education-specific notion of objectives, illustrating their influential ability on student motivation in classroom settings. The macro-strategy encourages teachers to promote the creation of personal objectives. It suggests that a lack of recognition of the scope of goal setting affects negatively the performance of learners. Besides, the strategy provides that teachers should make the learning tasks stimulating. It recognizes that students are always eager to invest substantial resources in activities that arouse their curiosity. Teachers who do not regard interesting learning tasks imperative motivational aspects risk underperforming. Another provision of the strategy that teachers should use to improve their performance is familiarizing learners with the L2 culture and related values. There is pragmatic evidence that the disposition of English First Learners towards the target culture has significant impact on their achievement. Raising this gr oup of learner’s cross-cultural awareness enables them to appreciate the need to excel in the language, irrespective of any prevailing de-motivating circumstances. Additionally, promoting group cohesiveness and setting group rules also enhances English learning. This provision confirms earlier findings that group behavior determines the development of beliefs and actions of its members. However, experts, including Dornyei and Murphey, have presented a contradicting opinion regarding this provision. They have argued that researchers have not accorded the group-building issues due significance. The provision needs not to gain recognition a major motivation enhancing technique, as research is underway.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Strategies for Motivating English Foreign Language Learners specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The macro-strategy advocates for learner autonomy. It has heightened that an autonomy-supporting environment influences an increase in intrinsic motivation. The language teachers’ communicative style determines the autonomy of learners. When learners govern their own learning process, they become innovative. Conclusively, most motivational models are transferable across various cultural settings. Promoting learners’ confidence, creating an interesting learning environment, displaying motivational teacher behavior, and presenting tasks properly are components of this strategy that are acceptable universally. Outstanding motivational techniques provide many common outcomes. However, some cultural settings portray promoting learner autonomy, which is an effective motivational technique, as extraneous.

Ageism and Racism Faced By Older People in Health and Social Care Essay

Ageism and Racism Faced By Older People in Health and Social Care Sector in UK - Essay Example This discussion stresses that age implies various social and moral obligations that resulted from accumulated loads of cultural and ideological inputs. Many expectations on an individual are determined by age as well as those which they are denied of. This perception has huge implications on how heath care is delivered to the older portion of the population. Age play a significant factor on what kind of health care is given and denied to a patient.This paper outlines that  while ageing opens doors to some social experiences that may not be available to younger individuals, it also closes doors on others. There are also new expectations towards the individual as his age identities change through time. We are familiar with the stereotypes of age identities from where we distinguish individuals.   Age-based identities have been explored and recognized by various social sciences but there is still a dearth of knowledge on how age contributes to social identity. There is still more to know about the variety of identities based on age and on how these identities are used in the wide social and cultural norms of ageing. There is a need to theorize the processes complicated social processes and experiences involved in the transition from one age identity to the other. This knowledge is important to research but is also important to understanding how health care is provided, or should be provided, to older people.